Accomplishments

Marshall Faculty Fellow Award from the NASA Marshal Space Flight Center Summer Faculty Fellowship Program

June - August, 2018

Marshall Faculty Fellow Award from the NASA Marshal Space Flight Center Summer Faculty Fellowship Program

June - August, 2017

Best Teacher Award from School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University

April 2017

Competitive Postdoctoral Research Fellowship from Brandeis University, Boston

2000-2002

Affiliations

• American Physical Society, Member
• Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Member
• American Chemical Society, Member

Courses

Artificial Intelligence in Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering

This course focuses on data-driven computational artificial intelligence (AI) applications in mechanical and nuclear engineering. Specific areas of AI applications may include design and optimization of mechanical and thermal-fluid systems, engineering materials, autonomous vehicles, robotics, nuclear fuel cycle, fusion plasma disruptions in tokamaks, and engineering research. Knowledge of Python programming is required. Students will learn how to use TensorFlow platform for the design and optimization of mechanical and nuclear systems, components, and processes. There will be in-class hands-on learning experiences in AI, tailored to specific projects.

Fusion Energy Engineering

The course focuses on the science and engineering of clean nuclear fusion energy. The major topics are the role of fusion energy, nuclear fusion reactions, basics of fusion plasma, single-particle motion in a plasma, concepts of cross sections, mean free paths, plasma particle collisions, and fusion reaction rates, self-consistent two-fluid model of a fusion plasma, MHD equilibrium and plasma stability, magnetic confinement of a fusion plasma, plasma heating and current drive, magnetic fusion reactor concepts, design of a simple magnetic fusion reactor. The course content is structured to be suitable for both senior undergraduate and master/PhD students.

Computational Methods

This course focuses on engineering problem-solving skills using computational methods, including Excel (VBA), MATLAB, and Python programming. Topics include analytical and algorithmic solutions, data representation, pseudocodes, loops and logical branching, plotting data, finding the roots of equations, matrix mathematics, and solving simultaneous equations.

Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in OpenFOAM

Students will become familiar with stages of CFD analysis, governing equations, finite-volume method, creation of geometry, boundary conditions, and mesh generation. This course consist of hands-on training sessions on solving typical CFD problems using Open-source Field Operation And Manipulation (OpenFOAM) software toolkit. Modern Docker container technology for running OpenFOAM, OpenFOAM C++ software package structure, CFD OpenFOAM case setup, and simulations of incompressible, compressible, and multiphase flows in various geometric configurations with visualization of results using ParaView tool will be provided in detail. By the end of semester, students will acquire the knowledge necessary to employ and apply OpenFOAM to the CFD problems covered in the course as well as to effectively use the other existing OpenFOAM solvers on their own for solving fluid flow problems not considered in this course.

OpenFOAM: Hands-on Experiences for Solving CFD Engineering Problems

The course introduces Open-source Field Operation And Manipulation (OpenFOAM) software toolkit and its practical applications for solving Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) engineering problems. This introductory course includes a short revision of the fundamentals of CFD and entirely consist of hands-on training sessions on solving typical CFD problems. Course objectives: (1) to learn about what is the OpenFOAM software package, OpenFOAM history, capabilities, advantages and disadvantages of using OpenFOAM, what is under the hood of OpenFOAM, and library of OpenFOAM physics models; (2) to introduce into modern Docker technology, how to install, configure, and run Docker; (3) to learn how to search, pull, and start OpenFOAM image in Docker, manipulate OpenFOAM container, explore OpenFOAM directory structures, and run OpenFOAM solvers; (4) to understand how to set up a CFD case in OpenFOAM, create a computational mesh, pre-process boundary and initial conditions; (5) to run a CFD solver for solving the governing equations for the flow problem of interest; and (6) to post-process results analyzing data and visualizing geometry, line, vector and surface plots

Numerical Methods for Engineers

The course introduces numerical algorithms used in error analysis, computing roots of equations, solving linear algebraic equations, curve fitting, numerical differentiation and integration, numerical methods for ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations. The course content is tailored for mechanical engineering applications by implementation of numerical techniques using C++ programming. Course objectives: (1) to understand the role of computers in engineering as a complement to analytical and experimental approaches; (2) to gain a basic understanding of computer arithmetic and round-off errors and how to avoid loss of significance in numerical computations; (3) to investigate the robustness and the accuracy of the algorithms and/or how fast the numerical results from the algorithms converge to the true solutions; (4) to learn how the numerical techniques implemented and work in the numerical GNU Scientific Library and how to program simple numerical algorithms in C++ programming environments using Visual Studio Code editor; (5) to introduce students into multi-platform Docker technology, how to install, configure, and run Docker; and (6) to be able to communicate the results of numerical computation, with adequate explanations, in written and graphical form using Gnuplot graphing software

Introduction to Materials for Nuclear Applications

The course covers the nuclear environments and materials selection for nuclear applications, bonding, crystal structure and symmetry, defects and irradiation, chemical thermodynamics, phase equilibria, phase transformations and corrosion in nuclear systems and design. Course objectives: (1) to define important requirements and limitations of materials in energy systems and how to select them; (2) to understand the ”structure” of materials; (3) to understand the relationship between structure and properties, with illustrated examples; (4) to appreciate the importance of kinetics and thermodynamics in materials phenomena; and (5) to be able to formulate and solve typical problems in materials performance

Radiation Interaction with Materials and Applications

The course covers the fundamentals of ion and neutron interaction with materials and applications. The course introduces students to the types of radiation and radiation sources, physical mechanisms of ion and neutron interaction with solids, radiation damage, ion beam mixing, applications in nuclear fission and fusion reactors and materials modification and synthesis by ion beams. Course objectives: (1) to learn the types and sources of ion and neutron radiation; (2) to understand the physical mechanisms of ion and neutron interaction with materials and model ion interactions quantitatively using SRIM code; (3) to understand and model the phenomenon of radiation damage to bulk, surfaces and interfaces using SRIM; (4) to relate the concepts of radiation damage to neutron interaction with solids in both fission and fusion reactors; and (5) to understand the technological applications of ion interactions with materials

Radiation Effects and Reactor Materials

Introduction to radiation effects in solids and survey of nuclear reactor materials, crystal structure and defects, diffusion processes, microstructure evolution under irradiation, dimensional stability of materials, phase stability, segregation, irradiation hardening and creep, and corrosion in an irradiation environment. Course objectives: (1) to understand materials selection for nuclear applications, especially in the irradiation environment; (2) to understand defects and their properties in crystalline solids relevant to fission and fusion applications; (3) to understand defect thermodynamics, diffusion and reaction kinetics; (4) to understand nucleation of basic microstructure features (interstitial and vacancy clusters); (5) to model and predict dimensional changes in reactor materials; (6) to model and predict phase changes in reactor materials; and (7) to model and predict the impact of irradiation on mechanical properties of reactor materials

Radiation Shielding and Simulations

Principles of neutron, gamma, and charged-particle shielding; Theoretical methods for analysis of shielding; Problems of practical interest in nuclear and space radiation shielding applications; Design of radiation shields; Emphasis on Monte Carlo simulations of shield design; Introduction into GEANT4 computer code and its applications for radiation shield designs. Course objectives: (1) to introduce students to a range of radiation shielding analyses relevant to a variety of nuclear and space applications; (2) to learn about dose estimations for specialized radiation sources and geometry conditions; (3) to gain insights into design considerations for photon and neutron shielding applications; (4) to provide a detailed examination in the use of Monte Carlo techniques in nuclear and space shielding applications; and (5) to apply the GEANT4 computer code for shielding design and radiation protection from photons, neutrons, and charged particles

Education

Brandeis University, Waltham, MA

Post-Doc.
Computational Biophysics
2002

Heat and Mass Transfer Institute, Minsk, Belarus

Ph.D.
Thermophysics and Molecular Physics
1998

Belarus State University, Minsk, Belarus

M.S.
Atomic and Plasma Physics
1990

Event Appearances

2019 Day at the Capitol

Meeting with Lt. Governor Justin Fairfax, Secretary of Education Atif Qarni, Delegates and Senators to discuss the importance of nuclear science and technology to the Commonwealth of Virginia  Richmond, VA

2019-01-15

Media Appearances

Introducing the Computational Energy-Material-Interaction Lab (CEMIL)
Virginia Commonwealth University
2026-07-15

The Computational Energy-Material-Interaction Laboratory (CEMIL) focuses on the interaction of intense energy fluxes such as radiation, plasma, particle and laser beams with materials and prediction of material behavior and properties under extreme pressures and temperatures. The research areas include modeling of thermodynamic, optical, and electrical properties of Warm Dense Plasmas; computational studies of the internal charging of dielectric and insulating materials of a spacecraft under the impact of electrons and photons; modeling of ultrafast laser-material interactions at an atomic level, nature and behavior of materials in a highly non-equilibrium state; and theoretical analysis and computational modeling of macroscopic melt splashes and losses from metallic divertor plates and wall materials in fusion devices such as ITER.

One very bad day
Aerospace America
2024-06-30

Gennady Miloshevsky studies what would happen to materials following a nuclear detonation. He is an assistant professor of mechanical and nuclear engineering at Virginia Commonwealth University, and a member of a research consortium with the Pentagon’s Defense Threat Reduction Agency and Johns Hopkins University. The damage in any hypothetical scenario, he and others say, depends on two factors: how close the satellites are to the explosion and the amount of energy released, known as the yield of the weapon. The closer the distance and the greater the yield, the worse it would be.

Researchers strive to predict satellite resilience to weapons of mass destruction in space
VCU Featured News
2023-02-07

Computational physics provides foundation for little-understood physical state generated by nuclear detonation in space.

VCU Engineering researcher part of multi-institutional team to understand the behavior of materials in extreme conditions
VCU Engineering News
2020-06-16

Gennady Miloshevsky, Ph.D., is VCU’s principal investigator on a grant from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) to 18 major research institutions working to better understand the behavior of materials in extreme conditions caused by weapons of mass destruction (WMD).

Gennady Miloshevsky, Ph.D., co-authors chapter in new textbook edition
VCU Engineering News
2020-06-11

University students across the U.S. now have an opportunity to learn from Gennady Miloshevsky, Ph.D., associate professor in VCU’s Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering. Miloshevsky is co-author of a chapter in the second edition of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, a textbook published June 2 by Elsevier.

An eXtreme Team
MRS TV 2014 Spring Meeting
2014-04-07

The state-of-the-art Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment (CMUXE) combines innovative laboratory experiments and high-end simulation experiments to develop, design, and test materials under extreme harsh conditions for future energy and advanced industrial applications.

Model Behavior
Purdue Engineering Impact Magazine
2010-05-05

A new faculty member has joined the School of Nuclear Engineering. Gennady Miloshevsky, research assistant professor, comes to Purdue from Brandeis University. He is applying his expertise to important new work in fusion in the Center for Materials Under Extreme Environments (CMUXE). He is also keenly focused on proteins at the atomic level.

Research Focus

Laser Material Ablation

Expansion dynamics and shock-wave structure of plasma plumes generated by ns and fs laser pulses into a background atmosphere; atomic-level mechanisms of melting, disintegration of material, and formation of nano-clusters in fs laser-produced plasma plumes; development and implementation of the computational models in OpenFOAM and LAMMPS software toolkits for modeling of ultrafast laser-material interactions

Space Radiation Shielding

Depth-dose distributions produced by Jovian electrons in multi-layer slabs of materials; radiolytic degradation of ammonium perchlorate (AP) propellant; radiation-induced chemical yields and weight percent of radical products in AP; electron dose deposition and electric charge buildup in dielectric and insulating materials of spacecraft; evaluation of induced electric fields and internal electrostatic discharge; development and implementation of computational models for high-fidelity modeling of the radiolytic degradation of AP oxidizer in solid propellants and the deep charging and breakdown in spacecraft insulating and dielectric materials

Fusion Plasma-Material Interactions

Melting of metallic plasma facing components, macroscopic melt motion, and melt splashing with droplets due to edge localized modes and plasma disruptions in fusion devices; coupled flow of plasma, vapor, and liquid metal under the effect of an external magnetic field; development and implementation of multi-fluid flow models within OpenFOAM CFD toolkit

Warm Dense Matter (WDM)

Equilibrium WDM naturally occurring in cores of large planets and rapidly evolving and highly non-equilibrium WDM produced in laboratory by high energy lasers, Z-pinch X-ray sources and nuclear detonations; equations of state, optical, and electrical properties of highly dense (0.1 to 10-fold solid density) and low temperature (1 eV – 10 eV) WDM; development of advanced, quantum-level computational models (Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics methods coupled with the Hartree-Fock-Slater - Collisional-Radiative Steady-State model) for predicting the formation, spatiotemporal evolution, physical and electrical properties of WDM

Equations of State, Opacities, and Emissivities of Low-Density Plasmas

Databases of atomic, thermodynamic and optical properties of elements and their mixtures in a wide range of plasma density (10^10 cm^-3 to 10^21 cm^-3) and temperature (0.02 eV to 250 eV): (1) atomic energy levels, wave-functions, transition probabilities, ionization potentials, oscillator strengths, broadening constants, photoionization cross-sections, etc. (2) populations of atomic levels and concentrations of various charge-state ions and free electrons in plasmas as a function of density and temperature; (3) pressure and internal energy as a function of ion and electron temperatures and plasma density (equations of state); (4) highly accurate, detailed all-line opacity and emissivity spectra in a wide range of photon energy (0.05 eV to 10^5 eV)

Special Nuclear Materials (SNM)

Time-correlated signatures and joint distributions of energy, angle, number and arrival time of neutrons and γ-rays from spontaneous and induced fission of SNM; discrimination between the non-correlated, time-correlated non-SNM (cosmic rays) and SNM sources; correlation between multiplicities of neutrons and gammas emitted from SNM and non-SNM sources; development of computational models for the modeling of fundamental nuclear reactions, neutron and γ-ray transport, and identification of fission SNM sources

Dusty Plasmas

Kinetic processes in the charging of finite-size dust grains by plasma electrons and ions; cooperative effects, self-organization and self-confinement of finite-size dust grains into stable clusters in plasmas; influence of ultraviolet radiation on the charge state of dust grains and stability of dust clusters; effects of subsonic and supersonic directed plasma flows on the charge and floating potential on dust grains, ion focusing, and development of instabilities initiating the dust cluster reorganization, disordering, and melting; development and implementation of coupled Particle in Cell - Molecular Dynamics - Monte Carlo (PIC-MD-MC) models for studying of the properties of small dust clusters immersed in the background of plasma electrons, ions and neutral atoms

Ion Channel Proteins and Membrane Transport

Atomic-level mechanisms of permeation of water molecules and ions through proteins and transporters (gA, KcsA K+, ClC Cl-, LacY and LeuT) and their large-scale gating motions (opening/closing); mechanisms of water molecule and ion permeation through lipid bilayer membranes facilitated by the coupling of charges with membrane-water interfacial fluctuations; further development and improvement of computational models (kinetic Monte Carlo reaction path following and Monte Carlo normal mode following) used for studies of large bio-molecular systems and membrane transport

Research Grants

PI: Accelerating Next-Generation EUV Lithography (ANGEL)

The U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science/Office of Fusion Energy Sciences
2025-01-14

The ANGEL project aims to advance the fundamental science driving the efficiency of future microelectronic systems, focusing on key areas such as extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photon sources, control mitigate material degradation, and plasma chemistry. The project contains two thrusts - (1) understand the generation and radiation transport of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photons in a laser-produced plasma (LPP) source and (2) control the degradation of reflective multilayer mirror (MLM) optical components caused by EUV debris and hydrogen plasma. These goals will facilitate the development of next-generation high-power EUV sources with improved efficiency and durable optical components for extreme environments. Our approach leverages co-design principles, focusing on energy transfer in the LPP source, plasma chemical reactivity, and MLM degradation resistance.

PI: A URA for Materials Science in Extreme Environments, Materials Science in Extreme Environments University Research Alliance (MSEE-URA)

Defense Thread Reduction Agency
2020-06-30

The Materials Science in Extreme Environments University Research Alliance (MSEE URA) is an alliance of 18 research institutions led by Johns Hopkins University working in close collaboration with the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). The research is focused on understanding, predicting, and controlling the behavior of materials in extreme conditions caused by weapons of mass destruction. The URA is expected to advance the types of materials that are capable of eliminating stockpiles of chemical and biological weapons while understanding and limiting the damage associated with nuclear blasts.

PI: Spatiotemporal Evolution of High-Density Surface Plasmas Produced by Prompt X-rays

Defense Thread Reduction Agency
2018-04-21

A high-altitude nuclear burst can radiate 70 to 80 percent of its released energy as X-rays. A major effect of prompt cold X-rays to a few microns of satellite surface materials is surface vaporization, ionization, and generation of high-density blow-off plasma. Solar cells are more susceptible to prompt X-rays, since the large surface area is exposed to radiation and cannot be substantially shielded. Implications of X-ray irradiation of solar cells are potentially quite serious. The surface plasmas can couple the solar cells to each other and to dielectric structures causing them to be destroyed. The objective of the proposed research is to explore the physics mechanisms of prompt cold X-ray absorption by metallic and dielectric materials, formation and expansion phases of produced warm dense plasma (WDP), and its physical and electrical properties. We propose to study the fundamental physics of the formation and spatiotemporal evolution of WDPs using the Monte Carlo (MC) and Molecular Dynamics (MD) methods coupled with the Hartree-Fock-Slater (HFS) - Collisional-Radiative Steady-State (CRSS) model. This basic research covering the science of the creation, time evolution, and physical properties of WDPs generated in the cold X-ray radiation environment will improve our understanding of ways to design more survivable solar arrays for satellites.

PI: Predictive Simulations Of Thermodynamic And Optical Properties Of Warm Dense Matter

Defense Thread Reduction Agency
2011-07-17

The regime of warm dense matter (WDM) corresponds to the phase diagram with densities ranging from 0.1 to 10-fold solid density and temperatures from 1 to 100 eV where the thermal, Coulomb and Fermi energies are nearly equal. Regimes of WDM include nuclear bursts, laser-plasma and particle beam-target interaction experiments. As WDM represents a complex regime at the interface of the condensed matter physics and plasma physics, the conventional theories developed for these fields are inadequate to predict the thermodynamic properties. The physics models that are based on reliable information directly derived from the WDM state, but not extrapolated from condensed matter or plasma systems, are required for high-fidelity predictions of thermodynamic and optical properties. A self-consistent quantum-mechanical (QM) treatment has to be implemented. The new development of advanced simulation tools is based on truly ab initio electronic structure methods beyond mean-field theories, able to predict reliably thermodynamic and optical properties of WDM. The equation of state and transport properties are determined on the atomistic scale, since the coupled, multi-physics behavior of the WDM regime is described from QM perspective. The proposed activities can significantly improve the understanding of material properties of WDM such as equations of state, electrical conductivity, optical properties under extreme conditions.

Co-PI: Modeling of SNM Fission Signatures and Cosmic-ray Induced Neutron Backgrounds

DOE/NNSA
2010-06-14

Nuclear materials yield very unique fission signatures, namely prompt and delayed neutrons and γ-rays. The challenge is to discriminate these time-coincident (correlated) neutrons and γ-rays emitted from shielded Special Nuclear Materials (SNM) and those originating from non-correlated or differently-correlated environmental sources. Neutron bursts or flashes can be produced at ground level by penetrating components of cosmic radiation, which produce peaks in neutron multiplicity distributions. These neutrons are also time-correlated. A neutron detector analyzing the “gross-counting” or evaluating the distribution in time has no means of distinguishing the neutrons generated by cosmic rays and those emitted by an SNM source, thus causing false alarms. Therefore, the ability of SNM detectors to use many parameters such as the number, energy, angle and arrival time of neutrons and γ-rays offers important improvements to identify the presence of SNM. The main objective of the research is to predict the time-correlated signatures and joint distributions of the energy, angle, number and arrival time of neutrons and γ-rays from spontaneous and induced fission of shielded SNM and those originated from cosmic rays. The MONSOL computer code is upgraded and adapted to perform Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of the transport of prompt and delayed neutrons and γ-rays. Both cosmic and SNM induced neutron and γ-ray energy and angular spectra, multiplicity distributions and arrival times are calculated, compared, analyzed and collected. The joint number distributions of neutrons and γ-rays and their correlation per spontaneous or induced fission event are evaluated in the MC simulations. The outcomes of the project are joint probability distribution functions and the statistical errors of the SNM signatures. The results allow a better understanding of the correlations of the energy, angle, number and arrival time of neutrons and γ-rays produced from the fission of SNM.

Key Investigator: Integrated Prediction and Benchmarking of Material Damage and Lifetime Analysis during Major Plasma Instabilities in Fusion Devices

DOE
2008-03-31

Damage to plasma facing components (PFCs) and structural materials during normal and abnormal operations due to plasma interaction and loss of confinement in tokamak devices remains one of the most serious concerns for safe, successful, and reliable reactor operation. Extrapolation of heat loads and particle fluxes on PFCs during normal and abnormal operations to ITER parameters indicates serious consequences of lifetime and contamination issues. A significant erosion mechanism and plasma contamination issues are predicted from macroscopic melt splashes and losses due various forces acting on metallic divertor plates and wall materials. Understanding physical mechanisms of melt layer and vaporization losses during plasma instabilities is critical for successful development of fusion reactors and for developing effective mitigation methods. A critical issue for normal operation is sputtering of plasma facing surfaces by plasma ions and neutrals. There are three concerns, erosion of PFCs, tritium codeposition in growing redeposited surface layers and further contamination of the core plasma from sputtered (and related processes) material. Composite/mixed materials as PFCs in ITER-like devices add significant complexity to understanding the effects of core plasma particles impact on PFC surfaces, erosion lifetime, core plasma contamination, fuel particle recycling, and surface material protective properties. This is a very important area and not much attention has been made in understanding the integrated effects and the interplay of all physical processes involved. An integrated model is developed and enhanced to study all erosion phenomena and plasma contamination in full 3D divertor configurations and nearby components.

Key Investigator: Modeling of Ion Pores

NIH/NIGMS
2004-09-30

This proposal describes theoretical approaches for relating structural features of ion channel proteins and of their phospholipid environment to channel behavior and function, stressing problems central to excitable cell physiology and controlled water transport. The calculations are designed to clarify issues in permeation and gating. A new approach to determining reaction pathways in proteins, ones involving large energy barriers, is outlined. It is based on available crystallographic data and used to determine permeation pathways in systems, like CIC chloride channels, where the paths cannot be established by structural inspection. It is used to identify the cooperative, low frequency, high amplitude vibrational modes that control gating. It is applied to CIC chloride channels to establish the mechanism that couples conductance with the fast gate and to search for the structural factors that control the slow gate. It is applied to aquaporins to better characterize the mechanism of proton rejection, and to elucidate the physical basis for high water turnover and for water/alditol selectivity. It is applied to potassium channels to clarify how coupling between the cations and the selectivity filter leads to C-type inactivation and influences normal activation, to reconcile contradictions between structural and electrophysiological studies of the voltage sensor and to elucidate the mechanism of voltage gating. Channel-membrane interaction influences gating, most clearly for mechanically gated assemblies. A new, efficient way to treat membrane-mediated influences between a channel's transmembrane segments is outlined. It will be validated on alamethecin and used to better characterize gating of the MscL channel.

Investigator: Electrostatic Modeling of Ion Pores

NIH/NIGMS
2000-10-12

This proposal describes theoretical ways to relate structural features of ion channel proteins and of their phospholipid environment to channel behavior, stressing problems central to excitable cell physiology. Model calculations clarifying issues in permeation and selectivity are described. An important approach to simulation, constructing force fields reliable in channel environments, is described. A new way to treat lipid influences on channels is outlined. Calculations of free energy profiles, based on an exact, computationally efficient way to treat a limited number of molecular features of the ion(s), water and protein charges that surround and form the aqueous pore, are proposed and used to understand and interpret major structural features of the selectivity domain of potassium channels: Why is it multiply occupied? Why does it reject small alkali cations? Why the bridge water is loosely coordinated? The method is applied to crystalline gramicidin conformers to determine why some favor anion occupancy. As more channel structural data (on nicotinic and voltage gated cation families) become available, their selectivity and permeation characteristics will be investigated. Ways to meld these exact techniques with standard simulation methods are described. An application that may disentangle the enthalpic from the entropic influences on the permeation kinetics of the model potassium channel is presented. A new way to construct water-water and ion-water force fields is outlined. This approach, by accurately treating short-range structural forces and intermediate range electrostatics, is designed to yield force fields reliable over a wide range of thermodynamic phase space. Water and hydrated species in channels and in bulk water are very different structurally. Reliable simulational methods must account for thee differences. The new force fields, being valid over extended p-V-T domains, answer this need. Channel formation is greatly influenced by interaction with the membrane. The crucial interactions correlate surface displacements in membrane regions about a bilayer width apart. At such short separations elastic behavior becomes cooperative. A new electroelastic theory of membranes is outlined and used to study peptide insertion energetics.

Investigator: Mathematical Simulation of Natural and Human Activity Accidents and Their Influence on Environmental Conditions and Ecology

INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CENTER (ISTC)
1996-03-31

The goal of this research project awarded by the International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) to the group of Russian research institutions was to convert the activities of Russian nuclear weapon scientists to civil purposes and to promote solution of scientific and technological problems in ecology and environment protection. Large-scale accidents caused by the impact of large space bodies, eruption of volcanoes, unpremeditated explosions of ammunition depots, accidents at oil depots, oil- and gas-pipelines, atomic power stations despite the difference in the dynamics of their development, have a lot of common features with a nuclear detonation. All of them to a certain degree represent a combination of such physical processes as an intensive gas dynamic flow of compressible and incompressible substances, molecular and radiative heat exchange, elastic behavior and destruction of the condensed phase of substance, fusion, evaporation and condensation, ejection of large quantities of substance and heat into the atmosphere, complex chemical reactions between initial products. The consequences of such events frequently have significant influence on the ecological conditions and environment. Existing methods of simulation as well as those being developed allow to predict the dynamics of complex processes and their consequences at various time, spatial and energy scales. Therefore, it is difficult to overestimate the relevance of such a computational approach. In this relation the goal of this research project consists in the development of an integrated approach to the solution of a broad range of problems of large-scale energetic catastrophes using methods of mathematical simulation. This requires improvement and development of new physical-mathematical models of various phenomena, accompanying large explosive and impact type energetic catastrophes, improvement and development of new physical-mathematical models of material properties at high density of energy, development of numerical algorithms and their implementation, and creation of software for execution of a numerical experiment.

Selected Articles

Expansion dynamics of femtosecond laser-induced plasmas: Influence of thermophysical plasma properties
Physics of Plasmas
Y. Abouhussien, M. P. Polek, F. Beg, S. Harilal and G. Miloshevsky
Vol. 32, 2025, 113902

Plasma Plume Expansion into Ambient Air: OpenFOAM Simulation Using rhoCentralFoam, sonicFoam, twoPhaseEulerFoam Solvers
Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics
E. T. Semaha and G. Miloshevsky
Vol. 18, 2025, 2913-2926

Two-Temperature Model for Predicting Heating and Melting in Metallic and Semiconductor Materials Irradiated by X-ray Pulses
Journal of Applied Physics
Y. Abouhussien and G. Miloshevsky
Vol. 137, 2025, 105901

Investigation of Energy Deposition by Soft X-rays into Solar Cell Materials
Nuclear Science and Engineering
Y. Abouhussien and G. Miloshevsky
Vol. 199, 2025, 1000-1009

OpenFOAM modeling of beryllium melt motion and splashing from first wall in ITER
Physica Scripta
C. Zhang and G. Miloshevsky
Vol. 98, 2023, 095611

Particle-in-Cell Modeling of Omega Experiments on Ablation of Plasmas
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
G. Miloshevsky
Vol. 51, 2023, 980 - 986

Ultrafast laser matter interactions: modeling approaches, challenges, and prospects
Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering
G. Miloshevsky
Topical Review, Vol. 30, 2022, 083001(49pp)

A First-Principles Study of L-Shell Iron and Chromium Opacity at Stellar Interior Conditions
Physical Review E
V. V. Karasiev, S. Hu, N. R. Shaffer and G. Miloshevsky
Vol. 106, 2022, 065202

Ultrafast and Filament LIBS
in Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, edited by J. P. Singh and S. N. Thakur
S. S. Harilal, P. K. Diwakar and G. Miloshevsky
Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2020, Chapter 6, pp. 139-166

Electron Deposition and Charging Analysis for the Europa Lander Deorbit Stage
NASA/TM-2019-220139 Technical Report
G. Miloshevsky and J. A. Caffrey
November 2019, pages 57-67

Analysis and modelling of lithium flows in porous materials
Plasma Physics Reports
J. Rudolph and G. Miloshevsky
Vol. 44, 2018, 685-691.

Materials Degradation in the Jovian Radiation Environment
NASA/TM-2017-219848 Technical Report
G. Miloshevsky, J. A. Caffrey, J. E. Jones and T. F. Zoladz
December 2017, pages 114-124.

Generation of nanoclusters by ultrafast laser ablation of Al: molecular dynamics study
Physical Review Materials
A. Miloshevsky, M. C. Phillips, S. S. Harilal, P. Dressman and G. Miloshevsky
Vol. 1, 2017, 063602.

On- and off-axis spectral emission features from laser-produced gas breakdown plasmas
Physics of Plasmas
S. S. Harilal, P. J. Skrodzki, A. Miloshevsky, B. E. Brumfield, M. C. Phillips and G. Miloshevsky
Vol. 24, 2017, 063304.

Atomic and optical properties of warm dense copper
Physical Review E
G. Miloshevsky and A. Hassanein
Vol. 92, 2015, 033109.

Multiplicity correlation between neutrons and gamma rays emitted from SNM and non-SNM sources
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B
G. Miloshevsky and A. Hassanein
Vol. 342, 2015, pp. 277-285.

Effects of plasma flow velocity on melt-layer splashing and erosion during plasma instabilities
Nuclear Fusion
G. Miloshevsky and A. Hassanein
Vol. 54, 2014, 033008.

Time correlation of cosmic-ray-induced neutrons and gamma rays at sea level
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A
G. Miloshevsky and A. Hassanein
Vol. 737, 2014, pp. 33-41.

Effects of excitation laser wavelength on Ly-alpha and He-alpha line emission from nitrogen plasmas
Physics of Plasmas
S. S. Harilal , G. V. Miloshevsky, T. Sizyuk and A. Hassanein
Vol. 20, 2013, 013105.

Self-Confinement of Finite Dust Clusters in Isotropic Plasmas
Physical Review E
G. V. Miloshevsky and A. Hassanein
Vol. 85, 2012, 056405.

Antiport Mechanism for Cl-/H+ in ClC-ec1 from Normal Mode Analysis
Biophysical Journal
G. V. Miloshevsky, A. Hassanein and P.C. Jordan
Vol. 98, No. 6, 2010, pp. 999-1008.

Modeling of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and splashing of melt layers from plasma facing components in tokamaks under plasma impact
Nuclear Fusion
G. V.Miloshevsky and A. Hassanein
Vol. 50, No. 11, 2010, 115005.

Surface Fluctuations and Membrane-Embedded Charges: Continuum Multi-Dielectric Treatment
Journal of Chemical Physics
G. V. Miloshevsky, A. Hassanein, M.B. Partenskii and P.C. Jordan
Vol. 132, No. 23, 2010, pp. 234707-1-11.

Conformational Changes in the Selectivity Filter of the Open-State KcsA Channel: An Energy Minimization Study
Biophysical Journal
G.V. Miloshevsky and P.C. Jordan
Vol. 95, No. 7, 2008, pp. 3239-3251

The Theoretical Challenge posed by Low-Voltage Membrane Electroporation, Viewed from the Perspective of Continuum and Molecular-Level Models
Israel Journal of Chemistry
M.B. Partenskii, G.V. Miloshevsky and P.C. Jordan
Vol. 47, No. 4, 2007, 385-396

Open-State Conformation of the KcsA K+ Channel: Monte Carlo Normal Mode Following Simulations
Structure
G.V. Miloshevsky and P.C. Jordan
Vol. 15, No. 12, 2007, pp. 1654-1662

The Open State Gating Mechanism of Gramicidin A Requires Relative Opposed Monomer Rotation and Simultaneous Lateral Displacement
Structure
G.V. Miloshevsky and P.C. Jordan
Vol. 14, No. 8, 2006, pp. 1241-1249

Application of Finite Difference Methods to Membrane-Mediated Protein Interactions and to Heat and Magnetic Field Diffusion in Plasmas
Journal of Computational Physics
G.V. Miloshevsky, V.A. Sizyuk, M.B. Partenskii, A. Hassanein and P.C. Jordan
Vol. 212, No. 1, 2006, pp. 25-51

Permeation and gating in proteins: Kinetic Monte Carlo reaction path following
Journal of Chemical Physics
G.V. Miloshevsky and P.C. Jordan
Vol. 122, No. 21, 2005, pp. 214901-7

Permeation in ion channels: the interplay of structure and theory
Trends in Neurosciences
G.V. Miloshevsky and P.C. Jordan
Vol. 27, No. 6, 2004, pp. 308-314

Water and ion permeation in bAQP1 and GlpF channels: A kinetic Monte Carlo study
Biophysical Journal
G.V. Miloshevsky and P.C. Jordan
Vol. 87, No. 6, 2004, pp. 3690-3702

Anion pathway and potential energy profiles along curvilinear bacterial ClC Cl- pores: Electrostatic effects of charged residues
Biophysical Journal
G.V. Miloshevsky and P.C. Jordan
Vol. 86, No. 2, 2004, pp. 825-835

Gating gramicidin channels in lipid bilayers: Reaction coordinates and the mechanism of dissociation
Biophysical Journal
G.V. Miloshevsky and P.C. Jordan
Vol. 86, No. 1, 2004, pp. 92-104